Facebook collaboration with Telecom Infra Project (TIP)

Facebook collaboration with Telecom Infra Project Facebook collaboration with Telecom Infra Project (TIP)

Facebook has joined with TIP (Telecom Infra Project) to solve the coverage issue and achieve future connectivity requirement. TIP is focussing on vendor-specific component of network infrastructure. TIP member is working hard to create a new space on the earth. They wanted to deploy the new topology across the globe. They are contributing specs in terms of hardware and software. TIP is also working on 5G enabled networks worldwide by using new topology to solve the specific connectivity challenges.

Now a day mobile devices become very popular worldwide. Every day people are getting updated version of mobile devices in the market. Telecom network are playing vital role while transferring huge amount of data in format of Audio & Video. In 2020, more than zettabyte (approx. 1000 Exabyte) information will be exchanged through telecom channel. Telecommunications industries are facing coverage issue worldwide. Latest technologies will help to meet the future connectivity requirement.

Facebook has joined with TIP (Telecom Infra Project) to solve the coverage issue and achieve future connectivity requirement. Few years ago, Facebook was faced data centre issue when they are dependent on vendors. Data centre is the place where server will be available to capture the data. They had realised the future problem and they decided to create their own data centre from scratch. Facebook achieved milestone through Open Compute Project (OCP). By working with OCP project Facebook had saved billions of dollars and infrastructure cost.

Fiber optics and power of CPU cost can be very cheaper with using OCP model. It will be help to decrease the deployment cost as well as infrastructure cost. Facebook is going to launch TIP with the collaboration of Nokia and Intel, both are brand in technologies solutions since long time. Deutsche telecom and SK telecom is continuously working to provide improved network by using new technology. Other companies also showing their interest to be part of TIP. TIP will also provide technical and operational knowledge across the area of telecom.

TIP is focussing on vendor-specific component of network infrastructure. For making a better and cost effective, TIP is working on three areas- access, backhaul, and core and management. They are working hard to explore new hardware and software architecture. TIP is continuously working to provide simple and efficient technology to solve the network coverage issue worldwide.

TIP member is working hard to create a new space on the earth. They wanted to deploy the new topology across the globe. They are contributing specs in terms of hardware and software. TIP is also working on 5G enabled networks worldwide by using new topology to solve the specific connectivity challenges.

TIP is continuously analysing the result based on their experiment. They are creating a new model who can help to create a cost-effective telecom infrastructure. Facebook is also connected with Globe on a small pilot development in the Philippines. Facebook has developed low cost based solar-powered network in-a-box solution. Facebook brings the mobile coverage to village. It reduces the cost of phone call.

Facebook is continuously working to deploy the cost-effective, sustainable network. They are working with operator on several other pilot. They are focusing to build and deploy the new technology which can solve the network coverage issue not to become an operator. Facebook is studying area wise pilot deployment test result. Facebook will contribute technology used in the deployment.

TIP has given opportunity to all to join together to solve connectivity challenges with appropriate solutions. TIP knows that it won't be possible to achieve the solution with experiment. Tim aims to resolve the problem with local solution.

They are continuously trying to deploy the new technologies across the globe. They are looking a new way to deploy the network in new area. TIP is continuously focusing to provide quickest way to meet with the solution wordwise.

Get details on http://www.fbchandra.com/facebook-collaboration-with-telecom-infra-project-tip

Facebook opencellular for wireless platform

Recently Facebook has designed and tested wireless access platform. Access platform is open source platform having aim to provide cost-effective, improved connectivity features in the remote area across the globe. An open source wireless access platform will support wide range of communication option from 2G to LTE (High Speed Wireless communication media for mobile). Facebook has planned to work withTelecom Infra Project (TIP) member.

TIP will help to build and deploy the new generation network and do the testing for functional, technical and operational w.r.t. to platform. Facebook is also focusing on open source design (e.g. Hardware design, software management system, baseband, amplifier, filter, mounting device, and antennas) to enable telecom operators, entrepreneurs, OEMs, and researchers to build, deploy and operate the wireless infrastructure based on this platform.

People are using mobile phone past 20 years, but still 4 billion people are not connected to internet across the globe. Cellular network is very limited in the ecosystem due to high cost so it's very difficult for operator to deploy the network everywhere. Facebook open access wireless platform will help to solve this kind of problem by providing improved connectivity, verity of wireless network with low budget deployment. Open Source wireless access platform will help to reduce the civil cost and will provide wide range of connectivity with extends network access in both rural and urban areas.

Design Architecture

Facebook access platform can be customised as per requirement in urban & rural areas. It provides on-board computing and storage capacity option which can be configured in a box or cellular access point.

Some principle are used in design modal-

• Modular Design- It will support existing or upcoming cellular or wireless technologies
• Scalable solution for all areas- It will covers rural as well as urban areas
• Low CAPEX and OPEX - enabling a broader range of business models
• Simple Installation and support- Minimise the support cost
• Minimize the civil cost

Hardware Element

Access platform will help to minimize the hardware element cost, power efficient which is consist of two subsystem-

1. General-baseband computing (GBC): It uses microcontroller, microprocessor, timing model, sensor and control system. It support various power sources like DC, eternal batteries etc.
2. Radio with integrated front-end: Radio subsystem will multiple option like- software-defined radio (SDR) or system on chip (SoC) which support various cellular stack.

Industrial and Mechanical Design

Help to maximize the deployment across the globe with mounting solution which will handle high winds, temperatures etc.

Software element

OpenCellular contains many software element which will monitor function of the system. It will help to reduce the cost while running in remote areas. It will generate alarm in case of any assistance needed where the technical person is not available.

Testing OpenCellular

Facebook is testing for underdeveloped open-source design in their Headquarters to make available across the globe. Facebook has joined with TIP member to get particular trial location for testing of technical, functional and operational validation w.r.t. hardware. Continuous work is going on to provide enhanced features by reducing the cost and improve efficiency in the worldwide.

Read details on http://www.fbchandra.com/facebook-opencellular-for-wireless-platform/

Facebook initiates internet networks in the stratosphere

Internet has a lots of impact on our daily life. Since morning to evening we connected through it by many ways like google, facebook, twitter, whatsapp and many other websites. Due to its high impact, we cannot think our life without it. But still around 60% people round the globle live without internet as they reside in interior area or island where internet connectivity is rare or due to its expensive cost.

Before going foward i want to explain, how internet works. You must have seen various tower on house roof or many places. These towers send radio signal to our devices for internet connectivity. Towers itself connected to eachother through optical fiber cable which is the fastest communication channel. But the cost of this infrastructure is very high, so cost of internet is high.

Facebook takes an initiative to build fast internet connection at very low cost. They use high-altitude aircraft, satellites, free space optics, and terrestrial solutions for it. UK aerospace team has designed an aircraft called Aquila. It can stay in air for months at a time. It is operated by solar power. Aquila can create 50 km communications radius for 90 days and send signal to people below it. This signal is received by tower in that area and convert that signal to Wi-Fi or LTE network, so that people can connect to their phones easily.

But in this condition, aircraft should be very big so that it covers maximum area and to fly high it should be light weight. Aquila has the wingspan of a Boeing 737 airplane (around 42 meters) but weighs a third as much as an electric car. The monocoque wing is made from a cured carbon fiber that is stronger than steel for the same mass of material.

It can fly at an altitude from 60,000 to 90,000 feet from ground. During day, it will fly at an altitude of 90,000 feet to maximum utilize solar energy to charge their solar cells. At night, it will come at an altitude of 60,000 feet to consume less power. Its flying altitude is very high as compared to any commercial flight, so that commercial flight do not get effected due to its movement. Commercial airliners and military aircraft typically fly in the lower levels of the stratosphere, which starts between 30,000 and 41,000 feet.

Facebook uses free space laser communications as a mechanism for communicating between aircraft. Free space optics is very secure, as the narrow beam is hard to intercept. However, the signal quality gets affected by weather conditions. Facebook use air as communication medium through laser beam, while fiber optics send fast data through fiber.

Facebook initiates internet networks in the stratosphere

Internet has a lots of impact on our daily life. Since morning to evening we connected through it by many ways like google, facebook, twitter, whatsapp and many other websites. Due to its high impact, we cannot think our life without it. But still around 60% people round the globle live without internet as they reside in interior area or island where internet connectivity is rare or due to its expensive cost.
Before going foward i want to explain, how internet works. You must have seen various tower on house roof or many places. These towers send radio signal to our devices for internet connectivity. Towers itself connected to eachother through optical fiber cable which is the fastest communication channel. But the cost of this infrastructure is very high, so cost of internet is high.
Facebook takes an initiative to build fast internet connection at very low cost. They use high-altitude aircraft, satellites, free space optics, and terrestrial solutions for it. UK aerospace team has designed an aircraft called Aquila. It can stay in air for months at a time. It is operated by solar power. Aquila can create 50 km communications radius for 90 days and send signal to people below it. This signal is received by tower in that area and convert that signal to Wi-Fi or LTE network, so that people can connect to their phones easily.
But in this condition, aircraft should be very big so that it covers maximum area and to fly high it should be light weight. Aquila has the wingspan of a Boeing 737 airplane (around 42 meters) but weighs a third as much as an electric car. The monocoque wing is made from a cured carbon fiber that is stronger than steel for the same mass of material.
It can fly at an altitude from 60,000 to 90,000 feet from ground. During day, it will fly at an altitude of 90,000 feet to maximum utilize solar energy to charge their solar cells. At night, it will come at an altitude of 60,000 feet to consume less power. Its flying altitude is very high as compared to any commercial flight, so that commercial flight do not get effected due to its movement. Commercial airliners and military aircraft typically fly in the lower levels of the stratosphere, which starts between 30,000 and 41,000 feet.
Facebook uses free space laser communications as a mechanism for communicating between aircraft. Free space optics is very secure, as the narrow beam is hard to intercept. However, the signal quality gets affected by weather conditions. Facebook use air as communication medium through laser beam, while fiber optics send fast data through fiber.

How to embed facebook post on website?

Facebook embed post means, we can embed any public post on facebook to our website. There are lots of content on social media website like facebook, some content seems to be very useful and we want to plugin that content in our website. It become very easy by a facebook embed plugin.

If you embed a post in your website, you can see all related likes, shares and comments. You can like and share that post from website also. If someone deleted that post, a notice appear in place of post that, 'The page you requested is no longer available. The post may have expired or the privacy settings may have changed'.

How to use it:
There are two methods to use it on our website.

First method is simple to use.

If you have facebook access to that post, which you want to share.

Select a post which you want to embed in your website. In the right corner, there is an arrow mark. Click on it, you will get an options. Click Embed post link in the last. You will get a code generated. Paste that code any where you want to show that particular post.

Second method, if you have URL and want to embed the that URL content.
Follow below steps

• You can embed post, if selected post is public.
  
  
  Paste the link in the browser address bar and check whether this link is pulic or not. Any one can identify public post by gray world icon, near publishing time.
• Javascript-sdk is necessary to use for any facebook social plugin. So, this plugin is required to integrate embed post also. You can use following code just below tag in HTML file to use this sdk.
• <!--HTML page default --> <body>
  <!--Javascript SDK -->
  <div id="fb-root"></div>
  <script>(function(d, s, id) {
  var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];
  if (d.getElementById(id)) return;
  js = d.createElement(s); js.id = id;
  js.src = "//connect.facebook.net/en_US/sdk.js#xfbml=1&version=v2.3";
  fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs);
  }(document, 'script', 'facebook-jssdk'));</script>
  
• After using javascript-sdk, put follwing code where you want to embed post in your website.
  <div class="fb-post" data-href="{public-post-url}"></div>
  Here 'public-post-url' will be the URL which you want to embed
  
  You can use following example for better understanding
  
  <?php $url="https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=633855523313112&id=440524322646234"; ?> <div class="fb-post" data-href="<?php echo $url ?>"></div>

For more details, you can use following link. https://developers.facebook.com/docs/plugins/embedded-posts

Read full blog on http://www.fbchandra.com/developers/embed-facebook-post-on-website

How to use facebook comment box in your website?

Facebook comment box can be used any where either in blog, tutorial or others. People can comment using their facebook profile. Comments can be seen in friend's news feed.

Use following code for it.

Copy-paste following code after start of <body>

<div id="fb-root"></div> <script>(function(d, s, id) { var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) return; js = d.createElement(s); js.id = id; js.src = "//connect.facebook.net/en_US/all.js#xfbml=1"; fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); }(document, 'script', 'facebook-jssdk'));</script>

Copy-paste following code where you have to use comment box in your website.

<div class="fb-comments" data-href="http://www.fbchandra.com" data-num-posts="5" data-colorscheme="light" data-order-by="social" data-mobile="1" data-width="550"></div>

Explaination of attributes

1. data-href: Use absolute URL of the page where comment box is used.
2. data-num-posts: Shows how many comments will display by default. Minimum value should be 1.
3. data-colorscheme: It is used for color coding. We can use two color code, ie. light and dark.
4. data-order-by : Order can be used in three ways
   a. social - Used by default. It is used to order all relevant comments from friends and friends of friends as well as most liked comments.
   b. time - Comments are displayed according to time. ie. first posted comment will come first and newest comments will go last.
   c. reverse_time - Newest comment will show in top and oldest comment will show in bottom.
   
5. data-mobile: It is auto detected by default. We have to use boolean value ie. '1' or '0'. '1' is used if we have to use it for mobile version and '0' if only for web.
6. data-width: It is used to fix plugin width. By default it uses 550px as width. For mobile version it uses 100% as width.

It has many inbuilt features.

1. This plugin is very easy to use. It takes around 2 mins to configure in our website.
2. It has inbuilt moderation tools. Moderation tools is used when admin want to delete some comments. Admin donot want to display all comments. Admin has two type of rights. They can mark comments as 'visible to everyone' and 'require approval before being visble to everyone'. By default it is seen only by commenter and their friends.
   
   Admin can disallow certain words and ban certain users to comment.
   
   To become an admin we have to open graph meta tags. These tags are included in of file.
   <meta property="fb:admins" content="{Your facebook user id}" />
   To add multiple moderator, we have to use all in different rows.
   <meta property="fb:admins" content="{Facebook user id of first}" /> <meta property="fb:admins" content="{Facebook user id of second}" />
   
   If our site has multiple comment box and multiple admin to moderate comment, it is recommended to create an app and use that app id for moderation. All admin of that app can moderate comments. Use following tag in head.
   <meta property="fb:app_id" content="{Your application id}" />
   If you have multiple comment box and use app id as an admin for moderation, then all comment box use same setting ie. either visible to all or limited visibility.
   If you want some to be visble to all and some with limited visibility then you have to create two app and then you have to make setting according to it.
   Moderation tools can be used using below link. <a href="https://developers.facebook.com/tools/comments"> https://developers.facebook.com/tools/comments</a>
   Note:You must be be registered as developer to use moderator tool.
   
   
3. You can easily know when someone comment on your site. You have to subscribe 'comment.create' and 'comment.remove' events in Facebook SDK for it. For details use following link <a href="https://developers.facebook.com/docs/reference/javascript/FB.Event.subscribe"> https://developers.facebook.com/docs/reference/javascript/FB.Event.subscribe</>
   
   
4. You can see the count of comments and shares used for given URL. We can use graph API to know the number of comments. Use following URL for it.
   https://graph.facebook.com/?ids=http://www.fbchandra.com/
   Also fb:comments-count can be used to show number of comments. 5
5. User can post using other login providers like gmail, Yahoo etc.
6. For more details see following link
   https://developers.facebook.com/docs/plugins/comments/

Solution for super reduced string algorithm in php

User has n string in english lowercase. In one operation, he can delete any pair of adjacent letters with same value. User wants to reduce string as much as possible. To do this, he will repeat the above operation as many times as it can be performed. Help user to find and print most reducible form of string. If the final string is empty, print Empty String. 

e.g. aabccaabcc can be reduced to Empty String. aabcaabcc can be reduced to bcb Input Format And Output Format:

Sample Input 0
aaabccddd

Sample Output 0
abd

Sample Input 1
baab

Sample Output 1
Empty String

Sample Input 2
aa

Sample Output 2
Empty String


Explanation

Sample Case 0:
User can perform the following sequence of operations to get the final string:
aaabccddd->abccddd
abccddd->abddd
abddd->abd
Thus, we print abd.

Sample Case 1:
Shil can perform the following sequence of operations to get the final string:
baab->bb
bb->Empty String



Solution:
<?php 
$data="aaabccddd"; //Input string
$str=str_split($data);
$len=count($str);
$initial="";
for($i=0;$i<$len;$i++) {
  if($initial!="" && $str[$i]==$initial) {
  $start=$i-1;
  $end=$i+1;
  $data1=substr($data,0,$start);
  $data2=substr($data,$end);
  $data=$data1.$data2;

  $str=str_split($data);
  $i=0;
  $len=$len-2;
  $initial="";
  }
  $initial=$str[$i];
}
if($data) {
  echo $data;
}
else {
  echo 'Empty String';
}
?>

Facebook improves for blind people to see images

Facebook has taken many initiatives in different fields like internet (internet.org) and social activities. Now they improve facebook for visual impaired people. As per estimation around 39 million people are blind and 246 million people suffer from severe visual impairment. They are unable to enjoy facebook where around 2 billion images gets uploaded everyday. So, blind people feel more frustrated as they are unable to participate in social engagements. Currently they have to depend on some one else who see and explain them.

Facebook is trying to create a technology which helps visual impaired people to enjoy facebook. They are introducing automatic alternative text. Automatic alternative text or automatic alt text is a new technology that generates image description in object recognition technology. It is based on artificial intelligence, neural network that has billions of parameters.

Currently, facebook provide a feature in iOS device for screen readers that if a people scroll the news feed and there is an image, he can hear the name of the person who has shared followed by the term 'photo'. There is no more description on it. Thanks to automatic alternative text method, where people can now know much more about images, eg. people can hear 'Image may contain three people, smiling, outdoors.' 

Facebook launches this feature first on iOS screen readers in English, after it they will add this feature to other language and platforms. It is available in U.S., U.K., Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. It takes around 10 months to bring this feature to its current stage through design, prototyping and user studies. 

It is very important step for visual impaired people who can now enjoy, laugh and share their moments on facebook as other normal people does.

Facebook messenger uses end to end encrytion technique

Messenger has increased its importance as people share their personal and professional information on it. Sometimes they share very important information as bank account password and other on messenger which can create problem if seen by any other. Facebook was using plain text for messenger, messages on facebook was not encrypted. So, it was easier for hacker to read messages.

Facebook bring revolution after starting end to end encryption. It is optional, user can use encrypted message on their owm choice. It has found that people want to see same message in multiple devices as mobile, tablet, desktop and other as per their need. Currently messanger use end to end encryption, so it can be seen on sender and recipient device only. Also, messages will gets expired after some time period. If they switch their mobile they are unable to get it. No person between these two can read it, not even facebook itself. Facebook is working on it to make it more user friendly.

Facebook use encrypted key which contains public and private encryption. All keys are generated or decrypted on device itself. Private keys are never sent to facebook also.

It starts creating contorversy as it is said that criminal use this method for their benfit and no agency can able to read their messages.

Facebook @Scale technical conference for engineers

@Scale is a series of technical conference for engineers who work for scaling of data ie. large-scale storage systems and analytics. These events held throughout the year after some time interval. Engineers across the globle participate in this conference to make a strong scalable system, who works for million or billions of data. This community brings technical people together to openly discuss the challenges which they faced during development.

It includes following topics:

• Data
• Dev Tools & OPS
• Mobile
• Networking
• Performance
• Security
• Spamfighting
• Sustainability
• Video
• Web

Next @Scale conference starts on 31 August 2016. You can register athttps://atscaleconference.com. Engineers from various gaint companies participate in this event. They are DataBricks, Dropbox, Facebook, Flipkart, Google, Instagram, LinkedIn, NVIDIA, Pinterest, Uber, and more.

Last conference was on 02 June 2016. It has speakers from well known companies like Dropbox, Facebook, Google, Microsoft, Qumulo, Tableau, Twitter, and the University of Wisconsin-Madison. They spoke about visual data analysis, exabyte storage system, data processing and many more. Video of event is posted in facebook pagehttps://www.facebook.com/atscaleevents/

Sharing you few examples:

Dropbox, James Cowling talks about their product Exabyte Storage System. It is described in his blog. It has capacity to store large user data in petabytes.

Facebook, Jay Tang introduces new storage system, Raptor, which is being built to run interactive queries over trillions of rows within seconds. It stores data on flash which natively fits popular open source distributed SQL engine Presto.

Microsoft, Sriram Rao spokes about optimization of system resources for large scale computer cluster. He tells about Apache YARN. The system is self-configuring and tolerates failures of subcomponents while providing continued availability. This work has been contributed back to Apache YARN and ships with various Hadoop distributions.

Google, Frances Perry spokes about Apache Beam. It can handle both batch and streaming cases. It allows pipeline to be portable across multiple runtime environments.

Many engineers from top companies share their experiences

Everyone can post questions, comments and follow-ups on the @Scale Facebook page. You can get details at https://code.facebook.com/posts/253562281667886/data-scale-june-2016-recap/